RI1. Systematic disaster and loss inventory

1. Some basic and superficial data of historic events.
2. Continuous record keeping of current events, incomplete catalogues of the occurrence of some phenomena and limited information on losses and effects.
3. Some complete catalogues at the national and regional levels; systematization of actual events and their economic, social and environmental effects.
4. Complete records and multiple catalogues of events; registry and detailed systematization of effects and losses at the national level.
5. Detailed inventory of events and effects for all types of existing hazards and data bases at the sub-national and local levels.

RI2. Hazard monitoring and forecasting

1. Minimum and deficient instrumentation of some important phenomena.
2. Basic instrumentation networks with challenges related to outdated technology and regular maintenance.
3. Some networks with advanced technology at the national level or in particular areas; improved prognostics and information protocols established for principal hazards.
4. Good and progressive instrumentation coverage at the national level, advanced research of the majority of hazards, and some automatic warning systems operating properly.
5. Wide coverage of station and sensor networks for all kinds of hazards in the entirety of the territory; permanent and timely analysis of information; and automatic early warning systems operating continuously at the local, regional and national levels.

RI3. Hazard evaluation and mapping

1. Superficial evaluation and basic mapping of the influence and susceptibility of some phenomena.
2. Some descriptive and qualitative studies of susceptibility and hazard for major natural phenomena at the national scale and for some specific areas.
3. Some hazard maps based on probabilistic techniques at the national level and for some regions. Generalized use of GIS for the mapping of major hazards.
4. Evaluation is based on advanced methodologies and with adequate zoning coverage for most hazards. Microzoning of some cities based on probabilistic techniques is also available.
5. Detailed studies for the majority of potential phenomena throughout the territory. Microzoning of the majority of cities and hazard maps at the sub-national and municipal levels are available.

RI4. Vulnerability and risk assessment

1. Identification and mapping of the main exposed elements in vulnerable zones in major cities and drainage basins.
2. General studies of physical vulnerability for major hazards, utilizing GIS in some cities and basins.
3. Evaluation of potential damage and loss scenarios for some hazardous phenomena in major cities. Analysis of the physical vulnerability of some essential buildings.
4. Detailed studies of risk utilizing probabilistic techniques that take into account the economic and social impact of the majority of hazards in some cities. Vulnerability analysis of the majority of essential buildings and some lifelines.
5. Widespread evaluation of risk, considering physical, social, cultural and environmental factors. Vulnerability analysis also conducted for private buildings and the majority of lifelines.

RI5. Public information and community participation

1. Information on risk management is sporadic in normal conditions and becomes more frequent when disasters occur.
2. Press, radio and television coverage oriented towards preparedness in case of emergency. Production of illustrative materials on dangerous phenomena.
3. Frequent media coverage on risk management issues at the national and local levels. Reference guides available aimed at vulnerability reduction. Engagement with communities and with NGOs.
4. Widespread diffusion of information and increasing levels of community participation; existence of some social networks aimed at civil protection and NGOs that explicitly promote risk management at the local level.
5. Widescale engagement and support from the private sector towards public awareness activities. Strengthening of social networks and meaningful engagement from professionals and NGOs at all levels.

RI6. Training and education in risk management

1. Emerging inclusion of hazard and disaster topics in formal education and in community training programs. 
2. Some inclusion of relevant topics on the primary and secondary education curricula. Creation of instructional materials for teachers and community leaders in some areas of the country.
3. Increasing inclusion of risk management in curricular programs. Considerable production of instructional materials and frequent training courses for the community.
4. Inclusion of risk management topics on the educational curricula through higher education programs. Specialized courses offered at various universities. Widespread community training at the local level.
5. Widespread tailoring of the educational curricula across all education levels and throughout the territory. Ample production of instructional materials. Ongoing community training.

RR1. Risk Consideration in land use and urban planning

1. Consideration of some aspects of risk identification and environmental protection in physical planning.
2. Enactment of legislation at the national level and some local regulations that consider some hazards as a factor in territorial organization for development planning.
3. Increasing enactment of regulations regarding land use that consider hazards and risks in various cities; compulsory design and construction requirements based on micro-zoning.
4. Wide-spread enactment and reform of territorial organization plans with a preventive focus in most municipalities. Extensive use of microzoning with safety considerations.
5. Generalized oversight of compliance with territorial organization plans that include risk as a major factor and with their respective urban-security regulations.

RR2. Hydrographic basin intervention and environmental protection

1. Inventory of basins and areas with severe environmental deterioration or those considered to be most fragile.
2. Enactment of legislation at the national level as well as some at the local level that mandates reforestation, environmental protection and river-basin planning.
3. Establishment of some land use and management plans for key river-basins and susceptible areas that take into account risk and vulnerability dimensions.
4. Considerable number of regions and river-basins with environmental protection plans, impact studies and agricultural-use planning that consider risk as a factor in determining investment decisions.
5. A considerable number of deteriorated basins, susceptible areas, and strategic ecosystems are intervened. Most municipalities have environmental intervention and protection plans.

RR3. Implementation of hazard control and protection techniques

1. Some structural measures for control and stabilization exist in some of the highest hazard-prone areas.
2. Water channeling, sanitation, and treatment infrastructure built with adherence to safety criteria exists in most cities.
3. Regulations and guidelines exist for the design and construction hazard control and protection infrastructure in accordance with land-use legislation.
4. Widespread intervention in areas of mitigable risk through hazard control and protection infrastructure in cities with the most critical need.
5. Most cities have infrastructure of adequate design and construction for hazard mitigation, stabilization, dissipation and control aimed at the protection of human settlements and social investments.

RR4. Housing improvement and human resettlement from risk-prone areas

1. Identification and inventory of marginalized human settlements as well as those located in hazard-prone areas.
2. Enactment of legislation prioritizing access to affordable housing and improvement programs for deteriorated and at-risk urban areas.
3. Community and housing improvement programs, as well as risk-driven resettlement programs, exist in major cities.
4. Increasing intervention of risk-prone human settlements in most cities, and adequate management of cleared areas. 
5. Significant oversight of risk areas in all cities and resettlement of most housing units erected in non-mitigable risk zones. 

RR5. Updating of building codes and compliance oversight

1. Voluntary use of building codes and standards from other countries without major adjustments.
2. Adaptation of some requirements and specifications based on some national and local criteria and particularities.
3. Enactment of compulsory national-level legislation based on international standards, adapted based on an assessment of country-specific hazards.
4. Technological update of most safety standards and building codes for new and existing buildings, with special requirements for critical buildings and lifelines.
5. Continuous revision of codes and safety standards; implementation of local building codes in most cities, at the micro-zone level; rigorous oversight for compliance. 

RR6. Reinforcement and interventions to reduce the vulnerability of public and private goods

1. Retrofitting and sporadic adjustments to buildings and lifelines due to remodeling, changes in use, or modifications.
2. Enactment of regulation for the intervention of the vulnerability of existing buildings. Reinforcement of essential buildings, such as hospitals, or those considered to be critical.
3. Some large-scale programs for vulnerability assessment, retrofitting, and reinforcement of hospitals, schools, and critical infrastructure. Retrofitting is compulsory.
4. Growing number of retrofitted public buildings and intervened lifelines; some private-sector buildings retrofitted independently or as a result of fiscal incentives provided by the government.
5. Widespread retrofitting of main public and private buildings. Ongoing incentive programs for the retrofitting of low-income housing.

DM1. Organization and coordination of emergency operations

1. Various organizations respond to emergencies and are under-resourced, and some of them operate with voluntary personnel only.
2. Specific legislation exists defining an inter-institutional structure, roles for operational entities, and coordination of emergency commissions across the country.
3. Considerable coordination exists, in some cities, among operational agencies in preparedness, communications, search and rescue, emergency network, and management of temporary shelters.
4. Ongoing coordination for emergency response among operational agencies, public service entities, local authorities, and civil society organizations in most cities.
5. Advanced institutional integration among public, private and civil society organizations, with adequate protocols in place for horizontal and vertical coordination at all territorial levels.

DM2. Emergency response planning and implementation of warning systems

1. Basic emergency and contingency plans with checklists and registry of available personnel exist.
2. Legislation stipulating the compulsory existence of emergency plans. Operational plans exist in some cities. Coordination exists with entities producing technical information at the national level.
3. Protocols and operational processes are well defined at the national and sub-national levels, and in major cities. Some forecasting and warning systems operate continuously.
4. Emergency and contingency plans are fully articulated and linked to information and warning systems in the majority of cities.
5. Emergency preparedness based on probable scenarios exists across the territory, with use of technology for the activation of automatic response procedures.

DM3. Provisioning of equipment, tools and infrastructure

1. Basic supply and resource inventory only for the operational organizations and emergency commissions.
2. Centers with supplies and specialized emergency response equipment at the national level and in some cities. Resource inventories for other public and private entities.
3. Emergency Operations Centers adequately provisioned with communication equipment and registry systems. Specialized equipment and reserve center available in various cities.
4. Emergency Operations Centers are adequately provisioned and systematized in most cities. Increasing complementary provisioning for operating entities.
5. Continuously operating interinstitutional support networks, supply centers, and Emergency Operations Centers. Ample facilities for communications, transportation, and supply provisioning in case of emergency.

DM4. Simulation, updating, and testing of interinstitutional response

1. Some internal simulations and joint simulations among operational organizations take place in some cities. 
2. Occasional simulation exercises for emergency situations and institutional responses exist across all operational organizations.
3. Desk simulations and operational drills that include the additional participation of public service entities and local administration take place in various cities.
4. Coordination of simulations and drills with participation of the community, private sector, and media takes place at the national level, as well as in some cities.
5. Testing of emergency and contingency plans and updating of operating procedures based on frequent simulation exercises takes place in the majority of cities.

DM5. Community preparedness and capacity development

1. Community briefings on emergency procedures, usually occurring in disaster conditions.
2. Occasional training courses with civil society organizations covering disaster-related issues.
3. Regular scheduling of community training activities on emergency response in coordination with community development organizations and NGOs.
4. Community training programs covering disaster preparedness, prevention, and risk reduction are frequently run in most cities and municipalities.
5. Continuous disaster prevention and response courses offered as part of community development training programs in all municipalities and in coordination with other organizations and NGOs.

DM6. Refurbishment and reconstruction planning

1. Rehabilitation and reconstruction plans are designed and implemented only after the occurrence of large disasters.
2. Planning of some provisional recovery measures by public service institutions and those responsible for damage evaluation takes place in some cities.
3. Infrastructure diagnostic, restoration and improvement processes and programs for community recovery through productive projects are in place at the national level and in some cities.
4. Ex ante development of community recovery plans and programs for social recovery, employment and productive livelihoods in most cities.
5. Widespread development of comprehensive physical reconstruction and social recovery plans based on risk scenarios. Specific legislation and prospective recovery measures are in place.

FP1. Interinstitutional, multisectoral and decentralized organization

1. Basic agency organization at the national level in commissions, with a primary focus on emergency response.
2. Legislation is in place stipulating a decentralized organization for interinstitutional and multisectoral integrated risk management, as well as requiring the existence of a master risk management plan.
3. Interinstitutional risk management systems are active at the local level in various cities. Interministerial collaboration exists at the national level towards the design of public policies for vulnerability reduction.
4. Ongoing implementation of risk management projects associated with adaptation to climate change, environmental protection, energy, sanitation and poverty alleviation programs.
5. Most cities count with expert personnel having extensive experience incorporating risk management in sustainable human development planning. High tech information systems are available.

FP2. Contingency funds for institutional strengthening

1. A national disaster contingency fund exists; local funds are also available in some cities.
2. Legislation governing existing contingency funds or the creation of new funds for the co-financing of risk management projects at the local level is in place. 
3. National economic support, as well as international funding, is available for nation-wide institutional capacity development and risk management strengthening.
4. Increasing implementation of local contingency funds for the co-financing of projects, institutional strengthening, and disaster recovery. 
5. Financial engineering is leveraged to develop instruments for risk management and transfer at the national level, and most cities have contingency funds in place

FP3. Budget allocation and mobilization

1. Limited allocation of national budget to pertinent institutions involved in emergency response.
2. Legislation stipulating budget allocation to federal entities for the purposes of risk management. 
3. Specific budget allocations are stipulated by law for risk management at the local level, and inter-administrative agreements for the implementation of prevention projects are commonplace.
4. Increasing allocation of national and local discretionary spending for vulnerability reduction, as well as creation of incentives and rates aimed at environmental protection and security.
5. The national government provides guidance and backing for loans issued by multilateral credit organizations and managed by municipalities and subnational entities.

FP4. Implementation of social safety nets and funds

1. Occasional subsidies to communities affected by disasters or in critical risk conditions.
2. Establishment of permanent social investment funds to support vulnerable communities, with a focus on low-income groups.
3. Social networks are in place to self-protect the income streams of at-risk communities, and there is implementation of productive projects for post-disaster rehabilitation and recovery. 
4. Ordinary micro-lending programs and gender-oriented activities aimed at human vulnerability reduction.
5. Widespread development of social protection and poverty alleviation programs as part of nation-wide prevention and mitigation activities.

FP5. Insurance coverage and loss transfer strategies for public assets

1. Very few public national buildings, and even fewer local ones, are insured.
2. Mandatory insurance of public assets. Deficient insurance of infrastructure.
3. Increasing insurance of public assets and infrastructure at the national level and in some municipalities. 
4. Design of collective insurance programs for buildings, public infrastructure, and concessions in most cities.
5. Widespread analysis and implementation of loss management and transfer strategies for public assets which considers reinsurance groups, securitization of risk, catastrophe bonds, etc.

FP6. Housing and private sector insurance and reinsurance coverage

1. Low percentage of private goods insured. Incipient, non-resilient and poorly regulated insurance industry.
2. Regulated insurance industry, oversight of its financial resilience, and legislation for mortgage and housing sector insurance.
3. Development of some thorough insurance studies based on advanced probabilistic estimation of risk and using micro-zoning; adequate auditing and inspection of properties.
4. Design of collective insurance programs for housing and small businesses among most cities and insurance companies, with automatic coverage for the lowest-income groups.
5. Strong support of programs jointly developed by the government and insurance companies that create economic incentives for risk reduction and mass insurance coverage.